Solution Analysis

Definition

Solution Analysis is a structured DBT problem-solving process that guides you through systematically identifying, evaluating, and selecting effective solutions to address a problematic situation or behavior.
It helps you think through options instead of reacting impulsively.

Purpose

Used to:

Generate alternative solutions to problems.
Evaluate pros and cons of each solution.
Choose the most effective plan.
Increase a sense of mastery and control over problems.

When to Use

Use Solution Analysis when:

You feel stuck in a difficult situation.
You need to make an important decision.
You are preparing to cope ahead for a likely problem.
You want to avoid repeating ineffective patterns.

When Not to Use

Avoid using if:

You are in immediate crisis requiring safety measures first.
You are too emotionally activated to think clearly (try TIPP first).
The problem requires urgent action before analysis.

How-To

1. Describe the Problem Situation

Be clear and objective.
Focus on what is happening now, not past blame.

2. Identify Your Goals

What do you want to accomplish in this situation?

3. Brainstorm Possible Solutions

Generate as many options as you can, without judgment.

4. Evaluate Each Solution

Consider short-term and long-term consequences.
Assess effectiveness, feasibility, and potential risks.

5. Choose the Best Solution

Select the option most likely to meet your goals.

6. Make an Action Plan

Break the solution into specific steps.
Prepare for obstacles.

7. Implement and Evaluate

Try the plan.
Reflect afterward on what worked and what you might change.

Tips & Variations

Use a worksheet to organize each step.
If no perfect solution exists, pick the most effective “good enough” option.
Practice radical acceptance for aspects you cannot control.
Combine with Cope Ahead to rehearse carrying out your plan.

Example

Scenario: Jordan keeps missing deadlines at work.

Problem Description:

Repeatedly submitting reports late.

Goal:

Submit next report on time.

Possible Solutions:

Set earlier personal deadline.
Use a daily reminder.
Request support from supervisor.
Work on report at same time each day.

Evaluation:

Solution 1 is effective and feasible.
Solution 2 helps maintain focus.
Solution 3 may feel uncomfortable but increases accountability.
Solution 4 supports consistency.

Chosen Solution:

Combine Solutions 1 and 2.

Action Plan:

Block time on calendar.
Set reminders.
Commit to finishing draft 2 days early.

Inventor / Origin

Solution Analysis was developed by Marsha Linehan, Ph.D., within Dialectical Behavior Therapy.
It draws on behavioral problem-solving and CBT decision-making frameworks.

Related Skills

Behavior Chain Analysis
Pros and Cons
Cope Ahead
Radical Acceptance
Problem Solving

Limitations

May not be effective if:

You avoid brainstorming honestly.
You skip evaluating consequences.
You choose based on impulse rather than goals.
You feel pressured to pick a “perfect” solution.

Evidence Base

Research shows:

Structured problem-solving increases coping effectiveness.
Solution Analysis can reduce emotional reactivity.
It promotes skillful action and reduces avoidance.

References

Linehan, M.M. (1993). Cognitive-Behavioral Treatment of Borderline Personality Disorder. Guilford Press.
Neacsiu, A.D., Rizvi, S.L., & Linehan, M.M. (2010). Dialectical Behavior Therapy Skills Use as a Mediator and Outcome of Treatment for Borderline Personality Disorder. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 48(9), 832–839.

Solution Analysis – Additional DBT Tool